Process for and apparatus for the treatment with fluids of yarns in chain warp and analogous form



April 9, 1929.

J. H. HOLTON 1,708,417 PROCESS FOR AND APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT WITH FLUIDS OF YARNS IN CHAIN WARP AND ANALOGOUS FORM 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 29, 1926 l,708,41 7 urns J. H. HOLTON April 9, 1929.

ms FOR THE TREATMENT wI OF YARNS IN CHAIN WARP AND ANALOGO Filed May 29, 1926 TH FL US FOR! 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 PROCESS FOR AND APPARAT yfiial'nvenror B His fir/02mg:-

April 9, 1929. J. H. HOLTON 1,708,417

PROCESS FOR AND APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT WITH FLUIDS 0F YARNS IN CHAIN WARP AND ANALOGOUS FORM Filed May 29, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1770 877??? a jam WWW Patented Apr, 9,

onrrsn STATES JQHN H. HOLTON, OF NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS B6B AND A'BPARAIUS FOB TREATIKENT WITH FLUIDS OF YARNS IN CHAIN WARE AND A1? ALGGOUS FORTE.

Application filed May 28, 1826, Serial No. 112,544, and in. Great Britain January 1, 1826.

in the manufacture of textile fabrics the Brandwoods have introduced into use the improvements shown in their ream No. 1,174,662, dated March 17, 1916, and other patents by which the yarn is wound in single threads on a beam and dyed while thereon. This process and apparatus results in a great saving in two ways: first, the Brandwood proc sis of dveing is in itself materially cheaper than LllQ prior art, and, seconc, is an advantage to have the thrcaos separate. as thus the expense of combining the single threads into ropes, called chains, and then separating them for the subsequent processes, is avoided.

The usual Brandwood apparatus cannot,

however, always be profitably employed, as

the number of threads to be dyed is insuflicient to fill themachine, and in such cases it has been usual to dye the yarn in ropes or chains in accordance with the processes prior to the Brandwood i vention at a greatly increased expense.

1 have conceived the idea of arranging the yarn in such cases in a chain and winding it on the patented Brandwood dyeing beam, and dyeing it in the Brandwood method, thus making the saving incident to the Brandwood dyeing process with the loss only of the eX- pense of combining the yarn into chains and again separating it. I have found that this is a great saving over dyeing by the art prior to Brandwood.

In dyeing by the Brandwood method of forcing the dyes outward from' the shaft upon which the yarn is wound and then from the outside inward through the yarn and the shaftupon whicn it is wound, it is of the utmost importance that the yarn be evenly spaced and uniformly wound and wound close to the flanges of the beam, as otherwise the dye will pass through the path of least resistance, thus one portion of the yarn will he more Si l'ml ljs' dyed than other portions. T his is comp ively simple to arrange when the yarns are wound singly, according'to the Br V culty when applied to dyeing a chain of yarn upon a beam by a method designed for dyeing single threads.

I have, however, invented an apparatus by which the chain can be uniformly laid upon the beam such a manner that the entire chain of thre: ds will be dyed upon the Brand- .idwood method, but presents much difiiwood machine to which my improvement has been applied, and will it suiiicient care is used be dyed as evenly for all practical purposes as when dyed in single threads according to the Brandwood patents, thus making the Brandwood beam dyeing process applicable to chain dyeing.

The process, with my practical apparatus for winding the warps upon a bear tor the pur ose stated, will now be fully described, 'ererence being had to the drawings where- Figure 1 is a side elevation 01 the apparatus for winding the warps upon a beam;

iiiguro 2 is a plan 01? Figure 1 Figure 3 1s a detail plan to an enlarged scale of the pivot for the traversing arm;

Figures 1 and 5 are two detail views to an enlarged scale of the means for traversing the traverse arm across the apparatus;

i z I i lgure 6 is a detail plan to an enlarged scale of part of the traverse arm showing the arrangen'ient of the slot to receive the traversing half nut member;

Figures 7 and 8 show side ele ations of a modified tension device.

Referring to the drawings, the frame or the apparatus consists of a post 6 of truncated pyramidal formhereinaftcr referred to as the fulcrum post-, the central frame composed of posts 7 and 8 supporting the top 9, these posts being reicrred to here after as the central frame posts, and the posts 10 and 11 connected by the round sect-ion bar 12 which engages therewith through 1 3 and is secured by nut-s. These latter posts will be hereinafter referred to when necessary as the beaming frame,

on each post 10 and 11 of thebeaming trams is pivoted a cranked arm 145 by means of a stud or spindle 15 on which fits a bush or sleeve termed solid with such arm. Each arm let is formed at its outer end with a (ranked portion to serve for the reception of the neck of a shaft 16, which passed through a beam 17 and which necks are secured against lifting by the latch 18 which is pivoted at 19 as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and securable in its latched position by any suitable means. A curved handle 20 on each arm 14 serves as manipulating means for the said arm when required. A friction driving drum 21 is borne on a shat 22 rotatable in the pedestal bearings '23 bolted on a projecting ledge of each post 10 and 11 of the beaming frame, and rotatable by means of a pul-' .ley 24, Figu1-e2',fre1n a convenient line shaft so that the beam 17 may be rotated-by its friction with the said drum. This method 'of mounting and rotating a beam differs in 31, which neck passes through a pedestal bearing 32 bolted to the flattop 9 of the centralframe, as shown in Figure 2. The shaft 31 itself is borne inthe bearings 33 and 34, bolted to the central frame top 9', and each bearing 33 and 34 is formed double to receive also the shaft 35, which is parallel to the screw shaft 31. The latter is formed on its central portion with a double screw 36 in which engages the half nut 37see detail Figure 5- fitted in the pendent member 38. The latter is formed integral'with a boss 39 which is slidable upon the guide shaft 35. A curved plate 40 is secured to a lug 41, integral with the boss 39, such plate 40 sliding upon the opposite side of the screw shaft 31 to that in which the half nut 37 engages. Secured in the boss 39 is the vertical pin 42 which engages in a slot 43' formed in a traverse arm 44.

Secured in one end of the slot 43, in the wooden traverse arm 44, by means of a bolt '45, are two thin metal plates 46which pass on each side of the vertical pm 42 and are secured together at their free ends. These plates 46 prevent the vertical pin 42 from wearing away thesides'of the wooden slot 43. Two ad usting screws 47 are also provided near the free ends of the plates to adj ust said plates and consequently the traverse arm 44 sidewis'e. v v

The traverse arm 44, which may be of wood, and which is fulcrumed on a vertical arm 48 of a bracket 49', the horizontal member of which is adapted to slide upon the top of the fulcrum post 6 and is adjustably secured thereon by the bolt 50 passing through the slot 51 and nut 52. The upper extremity of the vertical arm 48 is turned down in diameter and threaded to receive the nut *WlllCll holds the end of the traverse arm 44 in position whilst allowing it to be an'g'ularly moved on the vertical arm 48.

At the free end of the traverse arm 44 is fitted the yarn guide 54 which, in the form shown in the drawings, is a flanged tubular eye fitting partly within the recessed end of the said arm and secured in position by means of the metal band 55.

The method of winding the chain warps in a compact and even mass on the beam will the screw shaft now be understood. -From any suitable source of supply, and under a suitable tension oevice not shown, the warps a are led downwardly through the guide 54 to be wound upon the beam 17 below. The driving drum 21 being rotated, the beam 17 rotates, together with the beam shaft 16, and the latter through chain wheel 25, chain 26, wheel and pinions 27 and28, chain 29, and sprocket 30 rotates 31 thus reciprocating the half nut 37 along the double screw 36. The half nut 37 being mounted on the pendent member 38 as previously described and the pendent member being borne by the arm 44, the arm 44 as the half nut 37 and member 38 reciprocate the double threaded length 36 of the shaft 37 has oscillating motion around'its fulcrum point on the vertica arm 48, thus traversing the yarn 00 along the length of the yarn bearing surface of the beam, until the latter is filled, when it is removed for treatment.

The traverse arm 44 is made so long v the difference between the length of are c e scribed by the traverse arm and the tangent thereto formed by th shafts 35, 36, is unimportant.

The beam shaft 16, as will be seen, can with its chain wheel 25 be freed from the chain 26 for removal of the beam, the parts being again put in operable position on the placing of an empty beam in the bearing arms 14'.

The rate oftraverse of the yarn will depend upon the ratio of angular speed of the beam shaft 16 and of the screw shaft 31, as controlled by the ratios of the chain gearing. In consequence, there will be the same number of rotations of the beam shaft 16 for each traverse of the arm 44, regardless of the increase of the external diameter of the yarn mass as the winding progresses. This ratio should preferably be so arranged that at each turn of the beam 17 the-chain wound will SllglltlYOVGllitl) the coillaid at the preceding turn. The coils are parallel to each other as in an ordinary spool of cotton, but are artraversing ranged to overlap; The yarn is overlapped sufficiently to prevent dye stuff from squirt ing out between the coils radia ly of the beam, and not so much as to form ridges which would impair the smooth and uniform surface of the wound yarn. Inasmuch, hoviei'er, as the chains may vary in thickness from 390 threads more or less to 600 threads more or less, a change of ratio would be necessary at each change of thickness to prevent either spacing between coils or over-lapping. In fact, however, if the traverse moves at each rotation of the beam shaft 16 to such an extent that the chain lies slightly overlapping the coil laid at the previous rotation of the beam shaft 16 when a chain of minimum size is used, say 300 threads, I find that when a chain is used c(')nsisting,of 609 threads the,

of course overlapping more, and the dyeing will proceed prop rly. A ratio must not, however, be used which will result in an uneven wind so that the passage of the lyeing fluid through the mass will be resisted less in one place than in another.

It will be noted that as the warps are wound on by friction of the drum v21, the external diameter of the yarn mass on the beam will gradually increase, thus gradually lessening the angular speed of the chain whee and consequently of the screw shaft 31, but without cl'langing the ratio of traverse to turns of the beam shaft 16 or the character of the wind.

It is necessary that the traverse carry the yarn tie full width of the beam at each end of each traverse. As the chains of yarn being dyed vary materially in thickness, the traverse must vary according to the thickness of the chain or there will be a plane of no resistance or higher resistance for the dye at each end of the beam. Thave provided means for changing the traverse without changing the timing of the traverse with relation to the revolutions of the beam consisting of the slot 51 in the bracket 49, by means of which the extent of traverse of the guide as may be varied to bring the yarn up to the flanges of the beam 17 at each traverse. It will be seen that as the traverse arm is moved forward by the sliding forward of the slot 51 with relation to the bolt 50, the slot 43 in the traverse arm slides forward upon the pin 42 and the traverse of the guide 54 is increased and the reverse effect is caused by the sliding backwards of the slot.

The plates 46 can be adjusted sidewise by the adjusting screws 17. This permits an accurate sidewise adjustment of the traverse so that it will end equally closely to the opposite sides of the beam.

It is important also that t is yarn be wound upon the beam at uniform tension and so regulated that the dye will permeate the interior threads of the chain as readily as the exterior threads. that is, will pass through the chain as readily as between its coils or substantially so. This is best accomplished if the chains are wound under light tension. Any suitable tension device may be used and the dyer may use as much. tension as he finds satisfactory. If a light tension is desired, the device shown in Fig. 7 has many advantages.

The yarn from the creel. is led through a guide 55 in the traverse arm 4a to the roll .21 around which it passes upward between rolls 1'? and 21 to and through a guide 58 attached to arm 14 by a bracket 57 and thence down- "ard to the roll 17. The result of this construction is that the yarn is fed forward firmly at the exact speed needed and at a uniform tension, which is so slight as to be almost imperceptible.

The treatment of the beam when wound will be on the desired l nes. Patent No. 1,17%,662, before refer "ed to, describes the treatment of a wound beam and further description of the means for forcing fluids through the yarns and through the perforated surface of beam is therefore considered unnecessary here.

My invention 'an be used also to e a chain of yarn by winding it on a beam alr ly wound in part with single threads accordii to the Brand'wood invention and such dyei is included in my method.

. it will be understood that although the foregoing includes a description of a practical apparatus for winding chain and analogous warps upon a perforated beam for fluid treatment of the said warps in mass, 1 do not consider myself confined to such apparatus exactly as oescribed for the carrying out of the process. The method claims are not limits-i to the particular apparatus herein disclosed for carrying it out.

The word uniform is not used in this specifics tiontomean mathematical uniformity but only suf .ent uniformity of a thread in correlation with adjacent threads to secure a commercial uniform permeability of the thread mass to the dyestuffs so that the dyed product will be commercially free from streakiness.

I claim 1. In apparatus of the character described, the combination, with a winding device having a perforated beam provided with end flanges, of traverse mechanism provided with a pivoted arm having at one end a guide for laying the yarn on the beam, driving mechanism operatively connecting the winding device with the traverse mechanism and driving the latter at a uniform and relatively slw speed and constraining the yarn to wind on the beam in coils the side portion of each of which overlaps the adjacent and proceeding coil to a predetermined extent, said traverse mechanism operating also to press the uni coils of the yarn against the beam flanges with a predetermined pressure, a stationary support provided with a pivot for the other end of the said arm, and a tension device which delivers the yarn to the beam under a uniform and predetermined light pressure, the said parts operating so that the whole mass of yarn on the beam is uniformly permeable to liquid dye stuff.

2. In apparatus of the character described, the combination, with a winding device having a perforated beam provided with end flanges, of traverse mechanism provided with a pivoted arm having a guide at one end for laying the yarn on the beam, said arm being provided with means for changing the length of traverse of the guide so as to cause the end coils of the yarn to bear on the beam flanges with a predetermined pressure, a stationary support provided with a pivot for the ill) other end of the said arm, and driving mechanism operatively Connecting the winding device with the traverse mechanism.

3. A combination of parts as set forth in claim 2, the said arm being pivoted to a longitudinally adjustable bracket adjustably secured to the said stationary support, and beingactuated at a point between its ends.

4. In apparatus of the character described, the combination, with a winding device having a perforated beam, provided with endv flanges, of traverse mechanism provided with a pivoted arm having a guide at one end for laying the yarn on the beam, said arm being provided with means for adjusting the tr'a verse of the guide so as to set it more or less towards one 01' the other of the beam flanges, a stationary support provided with a pivot for the other end of the said arm, and driving mechanism operatively connecting the windingdevice with the traverse mechanism.

5. A combination of parts as set forth in claim 4, the said means for adjusting the traverse of the guide comprising two plates spaced apart and connected to the said arm at one end, means for. adjusting the free. ends of the plates laterallyof the arm, andan actuating pin for the arm arranged in, the space between the two plates 7 a 6. A method of preparing yarn" for dyeing,

which consists in windingthe, yarn upon a:

perforated beam provided with end flanges, said yarn beingjwound at a uniform and relatively slow speed at all points of its travers between the beam flanges, and being wound under a constant and predetermined light tension iii coils one side portion of each of forced back and forth through the yarn and perforatedbeam and the dyestuff is prevented from passing rad ally between the coils.

'In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN H. HOLTON. 

